![]() It shows that with the development of advanced technologies, it is highly positive to achieve 55% and even over 60% in effective thermal efficiency for IC engines. Meanwhile, the remaining challenges in different modules are also discussed. This article reviews the recent progress in the improvement of thermal efficiency of IC engines and provides a comprehensive summary of the latest research on thermal efficiency from aspects of thermodynamic cycles, gas exchange systems, advanced combustion strategies, and thermal and energy management. In the past decades, various advanced strategies have been proposed to achieve higher efficiency and cleaner combustion with the increasingly stringent fuel economy and emission regulations. Improving thermal efficiency and reducing carbon emissions are the permanent themes for internal combustion (IC) engines. The simulation results showed that the improvement in fuel conversion efficiency was due both to reductions in heat transfer losses and improved control over the start-and end-of-combustion. 7.9 per cent more of the fuel energy was converted to useful work). The comparison between RCCI and conventional diesel showed a reduction in NO x by three orders of magni-tude, a reduction in soot by a factor of six, and an increase in gross indicated efficiency of 16.4 per cent (i.e. For example, a peak gross indicated efficiency of 56 per cent was observed at 9.3 bar indicated mean effective pressure and 1300 rev/min. ![]() Specifically, it was found that RCCI combustion is capable of operating over a wide range of engine loads with near zero levels of NO x and soot, acceptable pressure rise rate and ringing intensity, and very high indicated efficiency. Detailed computational fluid dynamics modelling was then used to explain the experimentally observed trends. Additionally, RCCI engine experi-ments were compared to conventional diesel engine experiments. Engine experiments were performed in a heavy-duty test engine over a range of loads. A fuel reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) concept is demonstrated as a promising method to achieve high efficiency – clean combustion. ![]()
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